Sains Malaysiana 53(11)(2024): 3629-3637

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2024-5311-07

Pengambilan Makanan, Kadar Pertumbuhan dan Kecekapan Penukaran Makanan bagi Ikan Inggu Amphiprion ocellaris menggunakan Diet Buatan

(Feed Intake, Growth Rate and Feed Conversion Efficiency for Clownfish Amphiprion ocellaris using an Artificial Diet)

NURAIN NAZIRATUL AKMA MOHAMAD DAUD^1,*, MOHAMAD SAUPI ISMAIL² & KHOO MEI LING^1,3

¹Faculty of Earth Science and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

²Fisheries Research Institute (FRI), Batu Maung, 11960 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia

³Marine Ecosystem Research Centre (EKOMAR), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 30 April 2024/Diterima: 7 Ogos 2024

Abstrak

Ikan inggu yang berwarna-warni dan interaksinya dengan buran laut telah menarik perhatian penggemar ikan laut di seluruh dunia menyebabkan permintaannya semakin meningkat. Namun, kebanyakan ikan inggu yang dipasarkan ditangkap daripada kawasan semula jadi. Ternakan ikan hiasan marin tidak popular dalam kalangan penternak tempatan kerana kos makanan yang tinggi dan jumlah pemakanan yang optimum kurang diketahui bagi memastikan ikan tersebut sihat dan membesar. Justeru, kajian ini memberi penekanan kepada penentuan kekerapan dan kadar pengambilan makanan yang optimum untuk Amphiphion ocellaris, nisbah penukaran makanan (FCR) serta kadar tumbesaran menggunakan diet buatan. Dalam kajian ini, empat frekuensi pemberian makanan berbeza (1 hingga 4 kali sehari) kepada Amphiprion ocellaris telah dijalankan bagi menentukan kekerapan pemakanan optimum. Ikan diberi makan hingga kenyang setiap kali dan jumlah yang dimakan direkodkan. Peningkatan panjang ikan direkodkan setiap dua minggu. Sepanjang tempoh 24 minggu kajian, pertambahan panjang ikan dikesan setiap dua minggu. Semua frekuensi pemberian makanan menghasilkan corak tumbesaran secara beransur-ansur. Kekerapan pemberian makanan tiga kali menunjukkan pertumbuhan panjang tertinggi dengan 0.388 cm diikuti dua kali dengan 0.356 cm. Ikan yang diberi makan tiga kali sehari menunjukkan nilai FCR yang terendah iaitu 3.146 + 2.370 (p<0.05) dan jumlah makanan diambil paling minimum iaitu 93.229 ± 5.938 g. Kesimpulannya, kekerapan pemberian makanan yang optimum untuk ikan inggu adalah tiga kali sehari untuk menghasilkan peningkatan panjang tertinggi dan jumlah pengambilan makanan terendah.

Kata kunci: Ikan hiasan marin; kekerapan pemberian makanan; nisbah penukaran makanan; tumbesaran

Abstract

The colourful clownfish and its intriguing interactions with sea anemones have caught the attention of marine fish hobbyists worldwide, increasing its demand. However, most supplies are wild caught. Marine ornamental fish farming is unpopular among local farmers because of the high cost of feeding and lack of knowledge on optimum feeding amounts to keep the fish healthy. So, this study focuses on determining the frequency and optimal food intake rate for Amphiphion ocellaris, the food conversion ratio (FCR) and growth rate using an artificial diet. In this study, four feeding frequencies (1, 2, 3, and 4 times daily) were tested to determine the optimum feeding frequency using artificial food. Fishes were fed to satiation each time, and the amount eaten was recorded. The growth in length was measured every two weeks. During the 24 weeks of the study period, increment in fish length was detected every two weeks. All feeding frequencies showed increasing growth gradually. Three times feeding frequency showed the highest growth in length followed by two times feeding frequency with 0.388 cm and 0.356 cm, respectively (p<0.05). Fishes fed three times daily showed the lowest value of the FCR and the minimum amount of food taken at 3.146 + 2.370 and 93.229 ± 5.938 g, respectively. In conclusion, three times a day is the optimum feeding frequency for clownfish with the highest growth length and lowest food intake.

Keywords: Feeding frequency; food conversion ratio; growth; marine ornamental fish

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: meilingkhoo@ukm.edu.my